Q9. Solubility Rules as a Table. When alkali metals However, all that information can be placed in a table as shown below, which makes it easier to locate solubility information for a particular ionic compound made up of a particular cation and a particular anion. Solubilities of the halides, nitrates, carbonates, sulfates, and some perchlorates of all the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in methanol at room temperature have been determined. v) Solubility in liquid ammonia Alkali metals dissolves and form solution in liquid ammonia. The solubility of metal halides depends on their nature, lattice enthalpy and hydration enthalpy of the individual ions. ‘ (c) high hydration enthalpy for lithium ion. Melting point nad boiling point of particular alkali metal follow the order Fluorides > Chlorides > Bromides > Iodides. The solubility of alkali-metal fluorides in non-aqueous solvents with and without crown ethers, as determined by flame emission spectrometry Talanta . Introduction: Alkali metals are six chemicals elements that make up group 1 (1a) of the periodic table namely, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). 2) The solubility of most of the alkali metal halides except those of fluoride decreases on descending the group since the decrease in hydration enthalpy is more than the corresponding decrease in the lattice enthalpy. With increase in the atomic number of alkaline earth metals, the solubility of oxides, sulphides, hydroxides and fluorides increases. The correct order of the mobility of the alkali metal ions in aqueous solutions Rb+ > K+ > Na+ > Li+ due to following order of hydration energy of these ions Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Rb+ and due to hydration of ion, mobility decreases. The Group 1 elements in the periodic table are known as the alkali metals. Compare the solubility and thermal stability of the following compounds of the alkali metals with those of the alkaline earth metals. To distinguish potassium and other heavy alkali metal cations. The solubility of metal halides depends on their nature, lattice enthalpy and hydration enthalpy of the individual ions. 1984 Nov;31(11):1036-40. doi: 10.1016/0039-9140(84)80244-1. . Alkali metal fluoride: LiF: NaF: KF: RbF: CsF: Solubility in water (g/L) 2.7: 42: 1020: 1310: 3700 Amongst fluorides of alkali metals, the lowest solubility of LiF in water is due to (i) Ionic nature of lithium fluoride (ii) High lattice enthalpy (iii) High hydration enthalpy for lithium ion (iv) Low ionisation enthalpy of lithium atom This is due to decrease in the lattice energy. LiF is soluble in non-polar solvents like kerosene. If you need to memorise the solubility rules for ionic compounds in water at 25°C, then the list above is useful. For Ex: LiF is almost insoluble in water due to its high lattice energy.The low solubility of CsI is due to smaller hydration energy of the two ions. 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